"A Confrontation between the Right and Left Wing of the ILGWU outside Madison Square Garden" (from UNITE Archives, Kheel Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-3901 [1926]). In the aftermath of the failed 1926 cloakmakers' strike, the ILGWU was torn asunder by political battles. This photograph captures just one of many violent conflicts between partisans of the Communist local leadership of the 1926 strike and the anti-Communist leaders of the ILGWU. As this photograph suggests, these conflicts, expressed in a prevailing language of manliness, reduced women to the roles of spectators, further restricting their roles in the anti-sweatshop movement.

From Sweated work, weak bodies: anti-sweatshop campaigns and languages of labor by Daniel E. Bender