The sixteen papers in this collection were originally prepared for the June 1979 meeting of the International Conference Group on Modern Portugal at Durham, NH. The essays represent the best work available on the 1974 Portuguese revolution, offering innovative and original analyses of many facets of the revolution, especially the social and polical forces reponsible for Portugal's postrevolution shifts, first leftward and then to the right. The volume focuses on four major issues: the shaping of public opinion; the role of old and new social forces; institutional changes after the revolution; and international forces affecting the revolution. Together, these papers will help to clarify the major social and political forces in Portugal after April 25,1974, and will provide insight into the role of the state, the organization of political parties and elections, and the role of the electorate in modern Portuguese life.