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Drawings of Roman Mosaics in the Topham Collection, Eton College Library
Patricia Witts
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This fully illustrated study brings together over 70 prints and drawings of mosaics from the collection of nearly 3,000 items formed by Richard Topham (1671-1730). Some are the only known records of mosaics that no longer survive, and many are published here for the first time. The book includes a detailed biographical chapter on Topham himself. The drawings, mostly by Francesco Bartoli (1670-1733) and Gaetano Piccini (1681-1736) showing mosaics displayed in Rome, are described and discussed in detail, comparing them with drawings in other collections and with the original mosaics where they survive. The small but important section relating to Roman Britain, including the Stonesfield and Woodchester mosaics, is thoroughly considered, as are the prints which contain some rare items. The concluding chapter includes an appraisal of how the drawings were presented, the artists and their sources, and an evaluation of the drawings as works of art and as archaeological records.
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Front cover
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Title page
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Copyright page
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By the same author
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Acknowledgements
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Contents
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List of drawings and prints
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List of figures
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Abbreviations
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Preface
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1. Introduction
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The drawings and prints of mosaics
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Previous studies
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Information given on the drawings and prints
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Assessing the drawings and prints
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Other collections
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Terminology
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2. Richard Topham
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Topham’s family
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A possible elder brother
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The source of Topham’s wealth
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Education and political career
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A prominent local citizen
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Fellow collectors and friends
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Topham’s home and possessions
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The bequest to Eton College
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3. Drawings by Francesco Bartoli of early discoveries of mosaics displayed in Rome
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Mosaics displayed in Santa Maria in Trastevere
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Harbour scene
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Waterfowl
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Mosaics displayed in the Massimi collection
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Victorious Charioteers
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Gladiatorial scenes
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Nilotic scenes
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The Mosaics of Santa Costanza
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Geometric mosaic with crosses and octagons
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Geometric mosaic with dolphins
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Figures and animals
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Vintaging scene
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Circles with busts
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Mosaic with foliage, birds and vessels
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Mosaic from the cupola
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Bacchic scene said to be from Santa Costanza
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4. Drawings by Francesco Bartoli of mosaics discovered in and around Rome in Topham’s lifetime
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Mosaics from Vigna Moroni
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Pluto and Proserpina
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Pan and Eros
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Mosaics from the Aventine
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Elephant, bull, lion and camel
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Bull and bear
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Horseman and bulls
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Bestiarii on foot and bears
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Bestiarius on horse and bear
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Dancers and musicians
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Mosaic from Domine Quo Vadis
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Circus race
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Gladiatorial scenes
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Mosaics said to be from Hadrian’s Villa
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Bacchic figures
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Drunken Bacchus
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Seated woman with two figures
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Venus and Cupid
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5. Drawings by Gaetano Piccini of mosaics discovered in Rome in Topham’s lifetime
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Mosaics found in Vigna Moroni
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Silenus reclining
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Diana
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Silenus riding leopard
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Pan and Eros
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Mosaics found in Vigna de RR. PP. Gesuiti de S. Stefano Rotondo
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Nilotic scene
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Centaur
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Mosaics found in Vigna de RR. PP. Gesuiti alla Navicella
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Nilotic scene
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Wader and snails
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Mosaics found in unspecified locations
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Sol
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Nilotic scene with animals
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Architectural scene (towers)
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Architectural scene (obelisk)
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Pan holding a syrinx
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Silenus riding ass
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6. Miscellaneous drawings of mosaics from Italy
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Lion and leopard
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Rape of Europa, Palestrina
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Rape of Europe, Baths of Caracalla
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The Cavalieri mosaic
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Sir Andrew Fountaine’s relief
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7. Drawings of Romano-British mosaics
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Geometric mosaic, Great Tew
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Birds, Caerleon
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Geometric mosaic, Nether Heyford
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Bacchus, Stonesfield
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The Great Pavement, Woodchester
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Geometric (?) mosaic, Chichester
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8. Prints of mosaics
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Prints of mosaics from Rome and Palestrina
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Mosaic from the cupola of Santa Costanza
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The Nile Mosaic of Palestrina
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Marine mosaics found in Rome
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Nereids, Orto del Carciofolo
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Neptune and marine thiasos, de Marchis Vineyard
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Prints of mosaics from Vigna Moroni, Rome
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Dolphin, peacocks and griffins
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Pan and Eros
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Pluto and Proserpina
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Mosaic with decorative strip in floor
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Prints of Romano-British mosaics
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Bacchus, Stonesfield
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Geometric mosaic, Denton
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9. Discussion
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Depicting the mosaics
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Format of the drawings
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Evoking tessellated surface or not
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Complete or fragmentary
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Indications of context
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Borders: presenting the drawings to best effect
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Subjects of the drawings and prints
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Artists, their sources and techniques
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Francesco Bartoli (1670-1733)
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Gaetano Piccini (1681-1736)
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Giovanni Domenico Campiglia (1692-1775)
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William Webb (active early eighteenth century)
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Richard Bradley (1688-1732)
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Sources
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Techniques
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Appreciating and evaluating the drawings
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Significance of the drawings: comparing other collections
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Topham’s approach to collecting
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Catalogue
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Bibliography
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Appendix 1. Evidence for mosaic
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Appendix 2. Monetary values
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Setting Topham’s wealth into context (National Archives Currency Converter figures in brackets)
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A note relating to the cost of the Stonesfield prints and their modern equivalents (using the National Archives Currency Converter)
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Appendix 3. Other versions of the Bradley drawing of the Great Pavement at Woodchester
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Bodleian Library, Oxford, Gough Maps 9, 26B, c
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Bodleian Library, Oxford, Gough Maps 9, 26B, d
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Bodleian Library, Oxford, Gough Maps 43, no. 215
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British Library, Add. MS 5238.3 [Sloane]
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British Library, K. Top. XIII, 101b
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British Library, K. Top. XIII, 101c [Combe]
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Gloucestershire Archives, D1009, loose with page 23 [Gibson]
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Shropshire Archives, Maw & Co. 6001/5231, no. 526 [Maw]
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Society of Antiquaries of London, Harley Collection, Monuments, English Antiquities etc II, 18 [Harley]
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Drawing used as basis for Caylus 1756, 407-408, pl. CXXVI
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Appendix 4. Drawings and prints of figured mosaics arranged by subject
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Appendix 5. Artists
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Appendix 6. Comparison with Holkham drawings
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Appendix 7. Mosaics shown in drawings in Topham collection and in drawings in some other major collections
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Appendix 8. Discovery dates
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Index
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Back cover
Citable Link
Published: 2021
Publisher: BAR Publishing
- 9781407358994 (ebook)
- 9781407358987 (paper)
BAR Number: S3064