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China's Challenges and International Order Transition: Beyond "Thucydides's Trap"
Edited by Huiyun Feng and Kai He
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China's Challenges and International Order Transition introduces an integrated conceptual framework of "international order" categorized by three levels (power, rules, and norms) and three issue-areas (security, political, and economic). Each contributor engages one or more of these analytical dimensions to examine two questions: (1) Has China already challenged this dimension of international order? (2) How will China challenge this dimension of international order in the future?
The contested views and perspectives in this volume suggest it is too simple to assume an inevitable conflict between China and the outside world. With different strategies to challenge or reform the many dimensions of international order, China's role is not a one-way street. It is an interactive process in which the world may change China as much as China may change the world.
The aim of the book is to broaden the debate beyond the "Thucydides Trap" perspective currently popular in the West. Rather than offering a single argument, this volume offers a platform for scholars, especially Chinese scholars vs. Western scholars, to exchange and debate their different views and perspectives on China and the potential transition of international order.
Figure 5.1. Variation of great power relationships—A typology. Notes: The dotted, arrowed line represents Alexander Wendt’s description on the linear change of relationship between two great powers; the curved line demonstrates dynamic variations in great power relationships.
Figure 9.1. Autonomous Tianxia and governed Tianxia. Notes: In autonomous Tianxia, control and order are negatively associated, while in governed Tianxia, they are positively associated. The equilibrium is where the prince, or the hegemonic actor in the case of international relations, exerts self-restraint beyond a level of intervening, taxing, or belittling that is maximally acceptable to the subjects (or the smaller actors in the case of IR). The subjects reciprocate with role playing that supports a level of order that is minimally acceptable to the prince or hegemonic actor.
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