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Cover
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Title Page
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Copyright and Permissions
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List of Illustrations
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Introduction
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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
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Chapter 6
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Chapter 7
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Chapter 8
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Chapter 9
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Chapter 10
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Chapter 11
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Chapter 12
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Chapter 13
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Chapter 14
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Chapter 15
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Chapter 16
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Chapter 17
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Chapter 18
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Chapter 19
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Appendices
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List of Audio Clips
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Dedication
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Acknowledgments
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Introduction The Great Catastrophe of Christian Civilization The Outbreak of War in Europe
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Chapter 1 “Evangelizing the World in a Generation”: The YMCA Movement around the World before the First World War
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[Intro]
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The Goals of the American YMCA
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The Development of the German YMCA
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The Growth of the YMCA Movement in Austria-Hungary
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The YMCA and Bulgaria
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Expansion into the Islamic World - The YMCA and the Ottoman Empire
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The Balkan Wars and YMCA War Relief Operations
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Chapter 2 “An Unparalleled Opportunity for Service”: The American YMCA Mobilizes
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Chapter 3 The U.S. Government and Prisoner-of-War Responsibilities
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Chapter 4 “For the Millions of Men Now Under Arms”: American YMCA Prisoner-of-War Diplomacy in Western Europe
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[Intro]
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Negotiations Begin in Britain
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Hibbard and French Negotiations
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Harte Arrives in Germany
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The French Government's Response
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British Reluctance and POW Relief
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Chapter 5 Association POW Diplomacy Extends to Eastern and Southern Europe
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[Intro]
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Austro-Hungarian YMCA War Work Service
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World's Alliance POW Diplomacy in the Dual Monarchy
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Harte and Reciprocity with Russia
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Harte Conducts a Second Trip to Russia
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The American YMCA Offers POW Work in Italy
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Serbia and POW Diplomacy
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Bulgaria and War Prisoner Relief
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Romania Enters the War
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Conclusion
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Chapter 6 “In Prison, Ye Visited Me”: The American YMCA Secretaries Initiate POW Relief in Germany
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[Intro]
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Harte Inaugurates Relief Work in Germany
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The Inauguration of the Association Building at Göttingen
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The First American Secretaries Enter the Field in Germany
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Development of Association Work at Ruhleben
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Initial Expansion of American YMCA Operations across Germany
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Chapter 7 Coordinating War Prisoner Relief: The American YMCA Expands WPA Work in Germany
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Chapter 8 Instituting the Association's Four-fold Program in Prison Camps: From Saving the POW's Soul to “Keeping Body and Soul Together"
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Chapter 9 The American YMCA and WPA Operations in Austria-Hungary
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Chapter 10 Successful World's Alliance POW Diplomacy: Phildius and WPA Relief Work in Bulgaria
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Chapter 11 Expanding WPA Relief Work: Addressing the Needs of Political Prisoners and Labor Detachments
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[Intro]
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The American YMCA and German Propaganda Camps
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Foreign Relief Programs
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American YMCA Relief Work in Labor Detachments
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The American YMCA and the Lesser German Kingdoms
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Chapter 12 The United States Enters the War: The Evacuation of American Secretaries from Central European WPA Operations
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Chapter 13 Filling the Breach: The Arrival of Neutral Secretaries in Central Europe
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[Intro]
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Neutral YMCA WPA Operations in Germany, February 1917-November 1918
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The Resumption of German Government Threats Against WPA Operations
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Neutral Secretaries Assume Operations in Austria-Hungary
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Chapter 14 The American YMCA and U.S. Prisoners-of-War in Germany
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Chapter 15 The American YMCA and Allied Prisoner Relief in the Ottoman Empire
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Chapter 16 The Armistice and Restoration of American YMCA WPA Service in Central Europe: Repatriation of Western Allied Prisoners
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[Intro]
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Post-War YMCA WPA Operations for American Prisoners
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Allied Repatriation to Western Europe
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American Social Welfare Programs in Post-War Germany
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Nationalist Problems within the World's Alliance of YMCAs
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Crisis within the World's Alliance
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Conclusion
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Chapter 17 Post-War WPA Operations: The Tragedy in the East
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Chapter 18 Countering the Bolshevik Threat: Repatriation and American YMCA Expansion into Eastern Europe
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[Intro]
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Establishment of Russian Relief Work in Germany
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American Relief Operations
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The Renewed Repatriation of Russian Prisoners in the Summer of 1920
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The Russo-Polish War of 1920 and German Prison Camps
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Conclusion
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Chapter 19 Conclusion
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Appendix Introduction A German Prisoner of War Statistics —October 1918
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Appendix 3a Hinter dem Stachel-Draht: Kriegs-Gefangen-Lager Münsingen (Behind the Barbed-Wire: Prisoner of War Camp Münsingen)
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Appendix 4a War Prisoners' Aid Secretary Reports
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Appendix 4b Christmas Carols
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Appendix 5a Archibald Harte Correspondence
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Appendix 5b Quelques Vues des Camps de Prisonniers en Autriche-Hongrie (Some Views of Prisoners in Austria-Hungary)
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Appendix 6a Das Gefangenlager in Göttingen (The Prison Camp in Göttingen)
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Appendix 6b Le Camp de Göttingen (Göttingen Camp)
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Appendix 6c Camp de Göttingen: Compte-Rendu de Inauguration Officielle de “La Maison du Prisonnier de Guerre”, 15 Avril 1915 (Göttingen Camp: Report of the Official Inauguration of the “Prisoner of War Home,” 15 April 1915)
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Appendix 6d Engländer Ruhleben: Official Opening of the YMCA Hall, Friday, the 24th of December 1915 at 2:30pm
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Appendix 6e Inauguration of YMCA Reading Hall at Crossen-an-der-Oder
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Appendix 6f Prisoner of War Cemetary Dedication—Frankfurt-an-der-Oder
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Appendix 7a The Döberitz Gazette: An International Magazine for the Kriegsgefangene Interned at Döberitz
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Appendix 8a Educational Activities for War Prisoners
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Appendix 8b Friedrichsfeld Concert of August 1915
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Appendix 8c Liederbuch-Hymn Book-Cantiques
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Appendix 8d Paroles de Consolation et d'Encouragement (Words of Consolation and Encouragement)
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Appendix 8e Prisoner of War Relief Organization Requests for Donations
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Appendix 8f The British Prisoner of War
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Appendix 8g Le Messager du Prisonnier de Guerre Der Gefangenenbote (The Messenger to Prisoners of War)
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Appendix 8h The New Döberitz Empire
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Appendix 8i The Wooden City: A Journal for Prisoners of War
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Appendix 8j Thus Saith the Lord: God Is Love
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Appendix 10a YMCA-Bulgarian War Prisoners' Aid Agreement
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Appendix 11a Bibliothèque des Prisonniers de Guerre (War Prisoners' Library)
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Appendix 11b Serbian Aid Society
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Appendix 12a Julius F. Hecker Correspondence September-November 1917
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Appendix 13a Giessen Prison Camp Program
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Appendix 14a If I Were Captured by the Germans: By an American Secretary Formerly in German Prison Camps
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Appendix 14b The Barbed-Wireless
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Appendix 18a Post-War Russian POW Relief
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Appendix 18b WPA Prisoner Repatriation Program July 1920
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Appendix 19a Meeting of the War Historical Bureau of the Young Men's Christian Association 25 March 1920
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Appendix 19b YMCA Prisoner of War Department: Items of Interest and Progress
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Prison Camps
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Maps
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Notes
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Introduction The Great Catastrophe of Christian Civilization The Outbreak of War in Europe
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Chapter 1 “Evangelizing the World in a Generation”: The YMCA Movement around the World before the First World War
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Chapter 2 “An Unparalleled Opportunity for Service”: The American YMCA Mobilizes
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Chapter 3 The U.S. Government and Prisoner-of-War Responsibilities
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Chapter 4 “For the Millions of Men Now Under Arms”: American YMCA Prisoner-of-War Diplomacy in Western Europe
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Chapter 5 Association POW Diplomacy Extends to Eastern and Southern Europe
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Chapter 6 “In Prison, Ye Visited Me”: The American YMCA Secretaries Initiate POW Relief in Germany
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Chapter 7 Coordinating War Prisoner Relief: The American YMCA Expands WPA Work in Germany
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Chapter 8 Instituting the Association's Four-fold Program in Prison Camps: From Saving the POW's Soul to “Keeping Body and Soul Together"
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Chapter 9 The American YMCA and WPA Operations in Austria-Hungary
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Chapter 10 Successful World's Alliance POW Diplomacy: Phildius and WPA Relief Work in Bulgaria
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Chapter 11 Expanding WPA Relief Work: Addressing the Needs of Political Prisoners and Labor Detachments
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Chapter 12 The United States Enters the War: The Evacuation of American Secretaries from Central European WPA Operations
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Chapter 13 Filling the Breach: The Arrival of Neutral Secretaries in Central Europe
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Chapter 14 The American YMCA and U.S. Prisoners-of-War in Germany
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Chapter 15 The American YMCA and Allied Prisoner Relief in the Ottoman Empire
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Chapter 16 The Armistice and Restoration of American YMCA WPA Service in Central Europe: Repatriation of Western Allied Prisoners
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Chapter 17 Post-War WPA Operations: The Tragedy in the East
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Chapter 18 Countering the Bolshevik Threat: Repatriation and American YMCA Expansion into Eastern Europe
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Chapter 19 Conclusion
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Appendix 3a Hinter dem Stachel-Draht: Kriegs-Gefangen-Lager Münsingen (Behind the Barbed-Wire: Prisoner of War Camp Münsingen)
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Appendix 4a War Prisoners' Aid Secretary Reports
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Appendix 4b Christmas Carols
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Appendix 5a Archibald Harte Correspondence
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Appendix 5b Quelques Vues des Camps de Prisonniers en Autriche-Hongrie (Some Views of Prisoners in Austria-Hungary)
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Appendix 6a Das Gefangenlager in Göttingen (The Prison Camp in Göttingen)
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Appendix 6b Le Camp de Göttingen (Göttingen Camp)
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Appendix 6c Camp de Göttingen: Compte-Rendu de Inauguration Officielle de “La Maison du Prisonnier de Guerre”, 15 Avril 1915 (Göttingen Camp: Report of the Official Inauguration of the “Prisoner of War Home,” 15 April 1915)
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Appendix 6d Engländer Ruhleben: Official Opening of the YMCA Hall, Friday, the 24th of December 1915 at 2:30pm
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Appendix 6e Inauguration of YMCA Reading Hall at Crossen-an-der-Oder
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Appendix 6f Prisoner of War Cemetary Dedication—Frankfurt-an-der-Oder
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Appendix 7a The Döberitz Gazette: An International Magazine for the Kriegsgefangene Interned at Döberitz
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Appendix 8a Educational Activities for War Prisoners
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Appendix 8b Friedrichsfeld Concert of August 1915
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Appendix 8c Liederbuch-Hymn Book-Cantiques
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Appendix 8d Paroles de Consolation et d'Encouragement (Words of Consolation and Encouragement)
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Appendix 8e Prisoner of War Relief Organization Requests for Donations
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Appendix 8f The British Prisoner of War
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Appendix 8g Le Messager du Prisonnier de Guerre Der Gefangenenbote (The Messenger to Prisoners of War)
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Appendix 8h The New Döberitz Empire
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Appendix 8i The Wooden City: A Journal for Prisoners of War
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Appendix 8j Thus Saith the Lord: God Is Love
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Appendix 10a YMCA-Bulgarian War Prisoners' Aid Agreement
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Appendix 11a Bibliothèque des Prisonniers de Guerre (War Prisoners' Library)
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Appendix 11b Serbian Aid Society
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Appendix 12a Julius F. Hecker Correspondence September-November 1917
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Appendix 13a Giessen Prison Camp Program
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Appendix 14a If I Were Captured by the Germans: By an American Secretary Formerly in German Prison Camps
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Appendix 14b The Barbed-Wireless
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Appendix 18a Post-War Russian POW Relief
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Appendix 18b WPA Prisoner Repatriation Program July 1920
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Appendix 19a Meeting of the War Historical Bureau of the Young Men's Christian Association 25 March 1920
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Appendix 19b YMCA Prisoner of War Department: Items of Interest and Progress
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Austro-Hungarian Prison Camps
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German Prison Camps
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Turkish Prison Camps
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Key Figures
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Statesmen
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YMCA Secretaries
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y-z
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References
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About the Author