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  2. Jim Crow New York: a documentary history of race and citizenship, 1777-1877

Jim Crow New York: a documentary history of race and citizenship, 1777-1877

David N. Gellman and David Quigley 2004 © New York University Press
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ISBN(s)
  • 9780814731567 (ebook)
Subject
  • American: 1789-1899
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  • Table of Contents

  • Resources

  • Related Titles

  • Stats

  • Cover
  • Title Page
  • Copyright and Permissions
  • Preface to the Electronic Edition
  • List of Illustrations
  • [Dedication]
  • Acknowledgments
  • Introduction
    • [Intro]
    • I "Jim Crow New York"
    • II The Meaning of Citizenship
    • III Freedom's Fortunes: New York and the Nation
    • IV The Approach: Attending to the Voices of New York's History
    • V A Documentary in Three Parts
  • Part I Slavery, Abolition, and Citizenship, 1777-1817
    • Context
    • Chronology
    • Map
    • A Franchise Provision, New York State Constitution, 1777
    • B Veto Message, 1785
    • C Anti-Abolition Article, 1785
    • D "Mungo Speaks," 1788
    • E Antislavery Orations, 1797 and 1798
      • [Intro]
      • Samuel Miller, April 12, 1797
      • E. H. Smith, April 11, 1798
    • F Gradual Abolition Act, 1799
    • G African American Political Oration, 1809
    • H An Act Regulating Black Suffrage, 1811
    • I Act Declaring 1827 as the End of Slavery in New York, 1817
  • Part II The Convention of 1821 and the Politics of Disfranchisement
    • Context
    • Chronology
    • Map
    • J Connecticut Constitution Confirms Disfranchisement, 1818
      • [Intro]
      • Article VI. Of the Qualifications of Electors
    • K Resolution Opposing the Missouri Constitution, 1820
    • L Antiblack Article, National Advocate, 1821
    • M Extended Excerpts from the Convention of 1821
      • [Intro]
      • Prologue: Principles and Procedures
        • [Intro]
        • The Convention Act
      • Act One: The Debate over Racial Disqualification
      • Act Two: Citizenship versus Property
      • Act Three: Compromising Black Citizenship
      • Epilogue: Losers and Loose Ends
  • Part III The Long Reconstruction, 1821-1877
    • Context
    • Chronology
    • Map
    • N First African American Newspaper, 1827
    • O Emancipation Addresses, 1827
      • [Intro]
      • William Hamilton
      • Nathaniel Paul
    • P Address, African American State Convention, 1840
      • [Intro]
      • Address of the New York State Convention of Colored Citizens, to the People of the State
    • Q Excerpts from the Debate on Suffrage, New York State Constitutional Convention, 1846
      • [Intro]
      • 1846 Convention
    • R Land Reform Proposal, 1846
    • S Declaration of Sentiments, Seneca Falls, 1848
      • [Intro]
      • Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions
    • T Anti-Property Qualification Pamphlet, 1860
      • [Intro]
      • Property Qualification or No Property Qualification
    • U Report on Suffrage, New York State Constitutional Convention, 1867-1868
      • [Intro]
      • Greeley Committee Report, June 28, 1867
    • V Letter to the Editor: Elizabeth Cady Stanton on Sojourner Truth, 1867
      • [Intro]
      • Elizabeth Cady Stanton to the New York World
    • W "Appeal to Christians," 1869
      • [Intro]
      • Appeal to Christians, From the Detroit Post
    • X Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, 1870
      • [Intro]
      • [No Head in Print Version]
        • [Intro]
        • Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, 1870
        • New York's Revised Suffrage Clause, 1874
    • Y Newspaper Coverage of First Equal Manhood Suffrage Election, 1870
      • [Intro]
      • The Day Here
      • The Federal Troops and the Militia
    • Z Excerpts from Tilden Commission Report, 1877
      • [Intro]
      • Tilden Commission Report, 1877
  • Additional Resources
    • "A Serious Address to the Whig Slaveholders, in the State of New York" and "A Letter from Cuffee to the Printer"
      • Editors' Note
      • "A Serious Address to the Whig Slaveholders, in the State of New York"
      • "A Letter from Cuffee to the Printer"
    • Antislavery Poems and Soliloquy
      • "On the Death of an African Slave"
      • Newspaper Excerpt of Alleged Slave Soliloquy
      • Antislavery Poem 1
      • Antislavery Poem 2
    • Proceedings and Debates from the New York Constitutional Conventions of 1821, 1846, and 1867-68
  • Bibliographic Essay
    • [Intro]
    • General Works
    • Slavery, Abolition, and Citizenship, 1777-1817
    • The Convention of 1821 and the Politics of Disfranchisement
    • The Long Reconstruction, 1821-1877
  • Notes
    • Notes to Part I
    • Notes to Part II
    • Notes to Part III
  • Index
    • A-L
    • M-Y
  • About the Editors

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Courtesy of the Boston College Center for Media and Instructional Technology.

Map of New York State in 1779 At the time of the American Revolution, the organized counties of New York hewed to the Hudson River Valley and the Atlantic Ocean. Gloucester and Cumberland Counties were soon conceded to Vermont. By 1800, New York had created twenty new counties, primarily to the west of the original counties. [Map of New York State in 1779, based on Claude Joseph Sauthier, A Chorological Map of the Province of New York . . . (London, 1779).]

Figure 1 Map of New York State in 1779 At the time of the American Revolution, the organized counties of New York hewed to the Hudson River Valley and the Atlantic Ocean. Gloucester and Cumberland Counties were soon conceded to Vermont. By 1800, New York had created twenty new counties, primarily to the west of the original counties. [Map of New York State in 1779, based on Claude Joseph Sauthier, A Chorological Map of the Province of New York . . . (London, 1779).]

Courtesy of the Boston College Center for Media and Instructional Technology.

Map of New York State in 1824 Reflecting the state's dramatic expansion, New York assumed its modern political contours during the first decades of the nineteenth century. [Map of the State of New York in 1824, based on A. Finley, Map of the State of New York (Philadelphia, 1824).]

Figure 2 Map of New York State in 1824 Reflecting the state's dramatic expansion, New York assumed its modern political contours during the first decades of the nineteenth century. [Map of the State of New York in 1824, based on A. Finley, Map of the State of New York (Philadelphia, 1824).]

Reprinted by permission of the President and Fellows of Harvard College.

Cover Page of Carter and Stone, Proceedings and Debates Cover page of Nathaniel H. Carter and William L. Stone, Reports of the Proceedings and Debates of the Convention of 1821 (Albany, 1821).

Figure 3 Cover Page of Carter and Stone, Proceedings and Debates Cover page of Nathaniel H. Carter and William L. Stone, Reports of the Proceedings and Debates of the Convention of 1821 (Albany, 1821).

Reprinted by permission of the President and Fellows of Harvard College.

Seating Chart of 1821 Convention Seating chart of the 1821 convention, which met in the New York state assembly chamber in Albany. [Nathaniel H. Carter and William L. Stone, Reports of the Proceeding and Debates of the Convention of 1821 (Albany, 1821).]

Figure 4 Seating Chart of 1821 Convention Seating chart of the 1821 convention, which met in the New York state assembly chamber in Albany. [Nathaniel H. Carter and William L. Stone, Reports of the Proceeding and Debates of the Convention of 1821 (Albany, 1821).]

Reprinted by permission of the Houghton Library, Harvard University.

Five Points, 1827 Pictured in 1827, the year that the final abolition of slavery in New York went into effect, New York City's Five Points neighborhood was home to many former black slaves as well as impoverished white immigrants. ["Five Points, 1827," from Manual of the Corporation of the City of New York (New York, 1855).]

Figure 5 Five Points, 1827 Pictured in 1827, the year that the final abolition of slavery in New York went into effect, New York City's Five Points neighborhood was home to many former black slaves as well as impoverished white immigrants. ["Five Points, 1827," from Manual of the Corporation of the City of New York (New York, 1855).]

Courtesy of the Boston College Center for Media and Instructional Technology.

Map of New York State in 1864 Only minor changes, making room for four counties, occurred in the internal contours of New York between the 1821 convention and the Civil War. [Map of New York State in 1864, based on J. Calvin Smith, Map of the State of New York showing the location of boundaries of counties and townships, cities, towns and villages, the courses of railroads, canals and stageroads (New York, 1862).]

Figure 6 Map of New York State in 1864 Only minor changes, making room for four counties, occurred in the internal contours of New York between the 1821 convention and the Civil War. [Map of New York State in 1864, based on J. Calvin Smith, Map of the State of New York showing the location of boundaries of counties and townships, cities, towns and villages, the courses of railroads, canals and stageroads (New York, 1862).]

Reprinted by permission of the I. N. Phelps Stokes Collection, Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs, New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations.

John Street Methodist Church Manhattan's John Street Methodist Church had a large black membership in the 1790s, before African Americans, tired of discrimination, left to form their own church.

Figure 7 John Street Methodist Church Manhattan's John Street Methodist Church had a large black membership in the 1790s, before African Americans, tired of discrimination, left to form their own church.

Reprinted by permission of the President and Fellows of Harvard College.

Cover page of Nathaniel Paul's Address Cover page of Nathaniel Paul, An Address, Delivered on the Celebration of the Abolition of Slavery, in the State of New-York, July 5, 1827 (Albany, 1827).

Figure 8 Cover page of Nathaniel Paul's Address Cover page of Nathaniel Paul, An Address, Delivered on the Celebration of the Abolition of Slavery, in the State of New-York, July 5, 1827 (Albany, 1827).

Reprinted by permission of the Houghton Library, Harvard University.

Cover page of William C. Nell's Property Qualification or No Property Qualification [Cover page of William C. Nell, Property Qualification or No Property Qualification (New York, 1860).]

Figure 9 Cover page of William C. Nell's Property Qualification or No Property Qualification [Cover page of William C. Nell, Property Qualification or No Property Qualification (New York, 1860).]

Reprinted by permission of the President and Fellows of Harvard College.

Parade of African American Troops Less than a year after the Draft Riots targeted New York City's black community, the African American Twentieth Infantry paraded in front of Manhattan's Union League Club on March 5, 1864. [From Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, March 26, 1864.]

Figure 10 Parade of African American Troops Less than a year after the Draft Riots targeted New York City's black community, the African American Twentieth Infantry paraded in front of Manhattan's Union League Club on March 5, 1864. [From Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, March 26, 1864.]

Reprinted by permission of the Photographs and Prints Division, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, the New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations.

Portrait of Sojourner Truth Portrait of abolitionist crusader Sojourner Truth, 1864. Pictured here in her sixties, the former Ulster County, New York, slave continued to advocate for African American and women's rights.

Figure 11 Portrait of Sojourner Truth Portrait of abolitionist crusader Sojourner Truth, 1864. Pictured here in her sixties, the former Ulster County, New York, slave continued to advocate for African American and women's rights.

Reprinted by permission of the President and Fellows of Harvard College.

Fifteenth Amendment Celebration New York City's African American community took to the streets to celebrate the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment and its promise of voting rights to adult male citizens regardless of color. From Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, April 30, 1870.

Figure 12 Fifteenth Amendment Celebration New York City's African American community took to the streets to celebrate the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment and its promise of voting rights to adult male citizens regardless of color. From Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, April 30, 1870.

Reprinted by permission of the President and Fellows of Harvard College.

Swearing-in of U.S. Marshals Swearing-in of federal deputy marshals—white and black—on October 28, 1870. Eleven days later, these officials would help oversee the first equal manhood suffrage election in New York's history. From Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, November 19, 1870.

Figure 13 Swearing-in of U.S. Marshals Swearing-in of federal deputy marshals—white and black—on October 28, 1870. Eleven days later, these officials would help oversee the first equal manhood suffrage election in New York's history. From Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, November 19, 1870.

Related Titles
HEB IdTitleAuthorsPublication Information
heb02339.0001.001 The New York City Draft Riots: Their Significance for American Society and Politics in the Age of the Civil War. Bernstein, Iver. New York: Oxford University Press USA, 1990.
heb02338.0001.001 The Politics of Race in New York: The Struggle for Black Suffrage in the Civil War Era. Field, Phyllis F. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1982.
Root and Branch: African Americans in New York and East Jersey, 1613-1863. Hodges, Graham Russell. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
heb02341.0001.001 In Hope of Liberty: Culture, Community, and Protest Among Northern Free Blacks, 1700-1860. Horton, James Oliver, and Lois E. Horton. New York: Oxford University Press USA, 1998.
heb02333.0001.001 The Right To Vote: The Contested History of Democracy in the United States. Keyssar, Alexander. New York: Perseus Books Group, 2000.
heb02337.0001.001 North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free States, 1790-1860. Litwack, Leon F. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961.
Second Founding: New York City and the Reconstruction of American Democracy. Quigley, David. New York: Hill and Wang, 2003.
American Citizenship: The Quest for Inclusion. Shklar, Judith N. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1991.
Somewhat More Independent: The End of Slavery in New York City, 1770-1810. White, Shane. Atlanta: University of Georgia Press, 1991.
heb02334.0001.001 American Suffrage: From Property to Democracy, 1760-1860. Williamson, Chilton. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1960.
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