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  2. The Languages of Native North America

The Languages of Native North America

Marianne Mithun 1999 © Cambridge University Press
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ISBN(s)
  • 9781107298729 (ebook)
  • 9780521232289 (hardcover)
  • 9780521298759 (paperback)
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  • Table of Contents

  • Stats

  • Cover
  • Title
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • List of maps
  • Preface
  • Transcription key
  • Abbreviations used in glosses
  • Introduction
  • PART I: THE NATURE OF THE LANGUAGES
    • 1 Sounds and sound patterns
      • 1.1 Inventories
      • 1.2 Transcription conventions
      • 1.3 Syllable structure
      • 1.4 Tone
      • 1.5 Harmony
      • 1.6 Sound symbolism
      • 1.7 Native writing systems
    • 2 Words
      • 2.1 Polysynthesis
      • 2.2 Parts of words: roots, affixes, and clitics
        • 2.2.1 Morpheme order
        • 2.2.2 General compounding
        • 2.2.3 Noun incorporation
        • 2.2.4 The functions of roots and affixes
      • 2.3 Lexical categories: nouns and verbs
    • 3 Grammatical categories
      • 3.1 Person
        • 3.1.1 Inclusive and exclusive
        • 3.1.2 Long-distance coreference and empathy
        • 3.1.3 Obviation
      • 3.2 Number
        • 3.2.1 Inflectional number on nouns
        • 3.2.2 Inverse number
        • 3.2.3 Derivational and lexical number on nouns
        • 3.2.4 Verbal number
        • 3.2.5 Distributives
        • 3.2.6 Collectives
        • 3.2.7 Associatives
      • 3.3 Gender
      • 3.4 Shape, consistency, and related features
        • 3.4.1 Classificatory numerals
        • 3.4.2 Classificatory verbs
      • 3.5 Means and manner: 'instrumental affixes'
      • 3.6 Control
        • 3.6.1 The lexicon
        • 3.6.2 Verb morphology
      • 3.7 Space: location and direction
        • 3.7.1 Demonstratives
        • 3.7.2 Nominal adpositions, clitics, and affixes
        • 3.7.3 Verbal clitics and affixes
      • 3.8 Time
        • 3.8.1 Tense
        • 3.8.2 Aspect
      • 3.9 Modality: knowledge and obligation
        • 3.9.1 Sample modal paradigms
        • 3.9.2 Realis and irrealis
        • 3.9.3 Evidentials
    • 4 Sentences
      • 4.1 Predicates and arguments
      • 4.2 Word order
      • 4.3 Grammatical relations and case
        • 4.3.1 Nominative/accusative patterns
        • 4.3.2 Ergative/absolutive patterns
        • 4.3.3 Agent/patient and active/stative patterns
        • 4.3.4 Direct/inverse patterns
        • 4.3.5 A tripartite pattern
      • 4.4 Pattern combinations
        • 4.4.1 Nominative/accusative and ergative/absolutive
        • 4.4.2 Nominative/accusative and agent/patient
        • 4.4.3 Nominative/accusative and direct/inverse
        • 4.4.4 Ergative/absolutive and agent/patient
      • 4.5 Obliques and applicatives
      • 4.6 Possession
      • 4.7 Clause combining
        • 4.7.1 The expression of clause linkage
        • 4.7.2 Switch-reference
    • 5 Special language
      • 5.1 Baby talk, 'abnormal speech', and animal talk
      • 5.2 'Men's' and 'women's' language
      • 5.3 Narrative and ceremonial language
      • 5.4 Speech play
      • 5.5 Plains Sign Talk
  • PART II: CATALOGUE OF LANGUAGES
    • 6 Relations among the languages
      • 6.1 Dialect, language, and family
      • 6.2 Genetic relationship
      • 6.3 Stocks: hypotheses of more remote relationships
      • 6.4 Language contact
        • 6.4.1 Borrowing
        • 6.4.2 Linguistic areas
        • 6.4.3 Contact languages
    • 7 Catalogue
      • 7.1 Language families and isolates
      • 7.2 Pidgins, creoles, and mixed languages
  • References with note on sources
  • Index
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F
    • G
    • H
    • I
    • J
    • K
    • L
    • M
    • N
    • O
    • P
    • Q
    • R
    • S
    • T
    • U
    • V
    • W
    • X
    • Y
    • Z
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