The Director's Prism: E. T. A. Hoffmann and the Russian Theatrical Avant-Garde

Posner, Dassia N.

Dassia N. Posner

2016

The Director's Prism investigates how and why three of Russia's most innovative directors— Vsevolod Meyerhold, Alexander Tairov, and Sergei Eisenstein—used the fantastical tales of German Romantic writer E. T. A. Hoffmann to reinvent the rules of theatrical practice. Because the rise of the director and the Russian cult of Hoffmann closely coincided, Posner argues, many characteristics we associate with avant-garde theater—subjective perspective, breaking through the fourth wall, activating the spectator as a co-creator—become uniquely legible in the context of this engagement. Posner examines the artistic poetics of Meyerhold's grotesque, Tairov's mime-drama, and Eisenstein's theatrical attraction through production analyses, based on extensive archival research, that challenge the notion of theater as a mirror to life, instead viewing the director as a prism through whom life is refracted. A resource for scholars and practitioners alike, this groundbreaking study provides a fresh, provocative perspective on experimental theater, intercultural borrowings, and the nature of the creative process.

ISBN(s)

978-0-8101-3356-3 (hardcover)
978-0-8101-3355-6 (paper)
978-0-8101-3357-0 (e-book)

Subject

Performing Arts

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Photo of Meyerhold as Pierrot in Balaganchik

In the design for this wedding-ball setting, the deep red curtains, borders, and entrances from Pierrot’s room remain, but the space now is flooded with color from the costumes of the guests, decked out primarily in warm oranges and reds. Musicians play on a cramped stage, center, conducted by the Kapellmeister/Pianist in blue, his baton aloft.

Scene design for the wedding ball, Columbine’s Veil

In this photograph of the biomechanics exercise “The Horse,” also called “Three as a Horse,” one actor holds on to the shoulders of another while a third, one leg aloft, “rides” the horse formed by the lower two.

Photo of the biomechanics exercise "The Horse"

Costume design of the ornate gold and blue gown to be worn by Princess Turandot.

Costume design for Turandot, Princess Turandot (Sapunov)

In this photograph, Pierrette (Koonen), her hair in braids, supports the dead Pierrot (Tseretelli), both lovers in all white.

Pierrette and Pierrot in Pierrette’s Veil

In this production photograph from Tarelkin’s Death, Brandakhlystova’s children ride on a broad, short seesaw.

Photo of a scene from Tarelkin's Death

Constructivist portrait of Eisenstein, his hair on end, one arm extended into the air above him.

Portrait of Sergei Eisenstein

Handwritten note in pencil on a scrap of paper from Zinaida Raikh to Sergei Eisenstein.

Note from Zinaida Raikh to Sergei Eisenstein

This rare photograph of Eisenstein and Meyerhold together in rehearsal depicts a bustling creative atmosphere with Meyerhold, center, pointing out something on a piece of paper and Eisenstein, left, sitting behind a round table. Those in the photograph—all men—are in jackets and ties, except Meyerhold, who wears a striped sweater under his open blazer.

Photo of Meyerhold and Eisenstein at rehearsals for The Prelude

This unfinished scene design, partly drawn in pencil, partly painted, hearkens directly to medieval "mansions," side-by-side settings that depict multiple locations simultaneously.

Simultaneous setting design for Comedy of the Black Goat

This pencil sketch features several figures in turbans and robes, center, framed by commedia dell'arte characters that include Pantalone (left) and Harlequin (right).

Costume design for Amusements on the Water and in a Field

Scene design in red, purple, and blue for The Snake Woman, created in three parts: a front elevation, ground plan, and a detail of the curtain mechanism and attendants. Emphasis in these designs is on the forestage as a primary playing area and on the fully visible attendants who pull back the stage curtain.

Stage designs for The Snake Woman

$In this design sketch of a city street, created for Gozzi’s Green Bird, Eisenstein experiments with refracting Sebastiano Serlio’s 1545 comedy stage design (from On Perspective, his second architecture book). Onlooking framing figures are sketched into several of the balconies.$

The Director's Prism: E. T. A. Hoffmann and the Russian Theatrical Avant-Garde

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Photo of Meyerhold as Pierrot in Balaganchik

Scene design for the wedding ball, Columbine’s Veil

Photo of the biomechanics exercise "The Horse"

Costume design for Turandot, Princess Turandot (Sapunov)

Pierrette and Pierrot in Pierrette’s Veil

Photo of a scene from Tarelkin's Death

Portrait of Sergei Eisenstein

Note from Zinaida Raikh to Sergei Eisenstein

Photo of Meyerhold and Eisenstein at rehearsals for The Prelude

Simultaneous setting design for Comedy of the Black Goat

Costume design for Amusements on the Water and in a Field

Stage designs for The Snake Woman

Scene design for The Green Bird

Scene design for Four Harlequins

Costume design for Olimpia in Tales of Hoffmann (Eisenstein)

Scene design for act 2 wings, Tales of Hoffmann (Eisenstein)

Scene design for act 2 periaktoi, Tales of Hoffmann (Eisenstein)

Periaktoi configuration sketches for Tales of Hoffmann (Eisenstein)

Female costume design for act 2 of Tales of Hoffmann (Eisenstein)

Male costume design for act 2 of Tales of Hoffmann (Eisenstein)

The Director's Prism: E. T. A. Hoffmann and the Russian Theatrical Avant-Garde

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