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  3. The Village and the Class War: Anti-Kulak Campaign in Estonia

The Village and the Class War: Anti-Kulak Campaign in Estonia

Anu Koll
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  • Contents

  • Frontmatter
  • List of Tables and Graphs (page ix)
  • List of Photographs (page xi)
  • Preface (page 1)
  • 1. The Land Question in Estonia (page 3)
  • 1.1. Agriculture and the First Soviet Year 1940-41 (page 4)
  • 1.2. Nazi Occupation 1941-1944 (page 8)
  • 1.3. Reconstruction of Soviet Estonia (page 12)
  • 1.4. Estonians Living in the Soviet Union (page 13)
  • 1.5. Land Reform 1944-45 (page 17)
  • 1.6. The Anti-kulak Campaign 1947-49 (page 20)
  • 1.7. Deportation (page 25)
  • 1.8. The Aim of the Book (page 28)
  • 1.9. The Local Study (page 32)
  • 1.10. Organization of the Book (page 33)
  • 2. Soviet Repression as a Special Case of State Violence (page 37)
  • 2.1. Research into Violence in the Soviet System (page 40)
  • 2.2. Kulaks and Collectivisation in 1929-32 (page 44)
  • 2.3. The Estonian Anti-kulak Campaign (page 52)
  • 2.4. Comparing Anti-kulak Campaigns in 1929-32 and 1947-49 (page 58)
  • 2.5. Aspects Pursued in this Local Study (page 59)
  • 2.6. The Soviet Estonian Archives (page 60)
  • 3. The Anti-kulak Campaign (page 71)
  • 3.1. Seizing Power (page 74)
  • 3.2. Local Authorities (page 77)
  • 3.3. The Land Reform (page 80)
  • 3.4. Persecution of the Kulaks Begins (page 84)
  • 3.5. Was there Freedom of Action? (page 90)
  • 3.6. Appeals against kulak status (page 91)
  • 3.7. The Kulak Taxes (page 96)
  • 3.8. The Exclusion of Kulaks (page 100)
  • 3.9. From Campaign to Deportation (page 103)
  • 3.10. Liquidation of the Kulaks (page 106)
  • 3.11. The Extent of Local Participation (page 107)
  • 4. Inventing Kulaks (page 113)
  • 4.1. The Process (page 116)
  • 4.2. The Voices of Kulaks (page 118)
  • 4.3. The Appeals (page 120)
  • 4.4. Retroactive Soviet Law (page 123)
  • 4.5. Negotiations Concerning Exploitation (page 125)
  • 4.6. Negotiations Concerning Prisoners of War (page 127)
  • 4.7. The Political Criteria (page 132)
  • 4.8. Kulak Strategies (page 141)
  • 4.9. Negotiation as Participation (page 146)
  • 4.10. The Result of Negotiations: Kulak Declarations (page 147)
  • 4.11. Conclusions (page 155)
  • 5. Participation at the Local Level (page 159)
  • 5.1. The Local Nomenklatura (page 162)
  • 5.2. The Cadre Policy (page 166)
  • 5.3. The Reluctant Henchman (page 170)
  • 5.4. The Ambitious Bureaucrat (page 173)
  • 5.5. The Tender Wolf (page 176)
  • 5.6. Persecute or Perish (page 178)
  • 5.7. Persecution as a Social Process (page 181)
  • 5.8. Communist Party and Councils in Viljandi County (page 185)
  • 5.9. The Security Forces (page 191)
  • 5.10. Why did Local People Participate? (page 194)
  • 6. Epilogue of March 1949 (page 201)
  • 6.1. Rapid Collectivisation (page 203)
  • 6.2. Division of the Spoils (page 208)
  • 6.3. Stepping Out of Line (page 209)
  • 6.4. Not on the Deportation List (page 210)
  • 6.5. A Normal Stalinist Purge (page 216)
  • 6.6. The Purge of ECP in 1950 (page 223)
  • 6.7. Lessons of the Campaign (page 226)
  • 7. The Grammar of Terror (page 231)
  • 7.1. Responsibility and Participation (page 234)
  • 7.2. Participation and Discourse (page 235)
  • 7.3. Participation in a Bureaucratic Procedure (page 238)
  • 7.4. Participants—How did They Get There? (page 240)
  • 7.5. Openness and Legitimacy (page 248)
  • 7.6. The Importance of War (page 251)
  • 7.7. A Grammar of Terror? (page 254)
  • Appendixes (page 261)
  • Bibliography (page 273)
  • Index (page 281)
Citable Link
Published: 2013
Publisher: Central European University Press
ISBN(s)
  • 9786155225512 (ebook)
  • 9786155225147 (hardcover)
Subject
  • European 6: Russia & Eastern
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