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The rise and fall of freedom of contract
P. S. Atiyah
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Frontmatter
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1. INTRODUCTION (page 1)
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PART I. THE BEGINNINGS OF FREEDOM OF CONTRACT: THE STORY TO 1770
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2. THE CONDITION OF ENGLAND IN 1770 (page 11)
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The Political Background (page 11)
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The Machinery of Government (page 17)
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The State of the Economy (page 24)
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3. THE INTELLECTUAL BACKGROUND IN 1770—I (page 36)
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The Scope of Contractual Ideas (page 36)
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The Social Contractarians (page 39)
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4. THE INTELLECTUAL BACKGROUND IN 1770—II (page 61)
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The Relics of Mediaeval Thought (page 61)
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The Role of Government and of the Individual (page 67)
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Harbingers of the New Age (page 69)
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The New Morality (page 78)
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Freedom of Property (page 85)
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5. THE LEGAL BACKGROUND IN 1770 (page 91)
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Parliament, the Courts, and Law-Making (page 91)
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Property and the Transition to Contract (page 102)
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The Law and Economic Liberalism (page 112)
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6. CONTRACT LAW AND THEORY IN 1770—I (page 139)
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Promises, Consideration, and Evidence (page 139)
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The Evidentiary Role of Promises (page 154)
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The Fair Exchange (page 167)
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Benefit and Quasi-Contract (page 181)
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Detrimental Reliance (page 184)
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The Enforcement of Contractual Duties (page 189)
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7. CONTRACT LAW AND THEORY IN 1770—II (page 194)
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The Executory Contract and the Role of Contract Law (page 194)
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Executory Contracts, Damages, and the Independent Covenant Rule (page 208)
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PART II. THE AGE OF FREEDOM OF CONTRACT: 1770-1870
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8. THE CONDITION OF ENGLAND, 1770-1870 (page 219)
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Change (page 219)
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Individualism and Collectivism (page 226)
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9. The Role of Government, 1770-1870 (page 238)
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The Machinery of Government (page 238)
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Lawyers and the Legislative Process (page 250)
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10. THE ROLE OF THE INDIVIDUAL, 1770-1870 (page 256)
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Individualism (page 256)
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Individualism and Education (page 266)
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Individualism and Discipline (page 272)
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Individualism and Self-Reliance (page 278)
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The Competitive System of Rewards and Penalties (page 283)
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Individualism and Egalitarianism (page 286)
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11. THE INTELLECTUAL BACKGROUND, 1770-1870—I (page 292)
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Political Economy (page 292)
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The Later Classical Economists (page 304)
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12. THE INTELLECUTAL BACKGROUND, 1770-1870—II (page 324)
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Bentham, Utilitarianism, and Freedom of Contract (page 324)
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Inequality, Redistribution, and the Slide to Collectivism (page 335)
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An Age of Principles (page 345)
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13. THE LEGAL BACKGROUND, 1770-1780 (page 359)
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Lawyers and the Courts (page 359)
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Parliaments and the Courts (page 383)
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The Rise of Formalism and the Decline of Equity (page 388)
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14. FREEDOM OF CONTRACT IN THE COURTS, 1770-1870—I (page 398)
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Contract Law and the Free Market (page 398)
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Will Theory and the Autonomy of Private Contract (page 405)
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The Rise of the Executory Contract (page 419)
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Consideration in the Search of a New Role (page 448)
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15. FREEDOM OF CONTRACT IN THE COURTS, 1770-1870—II (page 455)
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The Decline of Reliance and Benefit (page 455)
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Reliance (page 457)
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Benefit (page 479)
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The Emerging Law of Negligence (page 501)
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16. FREEDOM OF CONTRACT IN PARLIAMENT, 1770-1870 (page 506)
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The Parliamentary Background (page 506)
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The Law of Employment (page 523)
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Consumer Protection (page 544)
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Company Law (page 562)
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PART III. THE DECLINE AND FALL OF FREEDOM OF CONTRACT: 1870-1970
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17. THE CONDITION OF ENGLAND, 1870-1970 (page 571)
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The Consumer Society (page 572)
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Democracy and Majority Rule (page 581)
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The Arrival of the Mixed Economy (page 592)
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The Rise of the Corporate State (page 596)
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18. THE INTELLECTUAL BACKGROUND, 1870-1970—I (page 602)
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The New Economies (page 602)
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Laissez-Faire and Freedom of Contract (page 613)
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19. THE INTELLECTUAL BACKGROUND, 1870-1970—II (page 627)
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Individualism and the New Social Order (page 627)
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The Rising Tide of Egalitarianism (page 631)
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The Decline of Principles (page 649)
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20. THE LEGAL BACKGROUND, 1870-1970 (page 660)
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The Separation of Law and Policy (page 660)
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The Decline of Equity and the Rise of Discretion (page 671)
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21. THE DECLINE OF FREEDOM OF CONTRACT, 1870-1970 (page 681)
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The Settling of Classical Contract Theory (page 681)
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The Failure of Classical Law (page 693)
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22. THE WHEEL COME FULL CIRCLE (page 716)
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The Decline of Contract (page 716)
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The Decline of Free Choice and Consent (page 726)
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The Resurgence of Benefit-based Liabilities (page 764)
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The Resurgence of Reliance-based Liabilities (page 771)
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The Need for a New Theory (page 778)
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INDEX (page 781)
Journal Abbreviation | Label | URL |
---|---|---|
MAN | 19.2 (Jun. 1984): 351 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/2802316 |
ENHR | 96.379 (Apr. 1981): 408-410 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/568308 |
VS | 25.3 (Spring. 1982): 386-388 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/3827211 |
HIST | 66.216 (1981): 80-82 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/24417072 |
CALJ | 39.2 (Nov. 1980): 396-397 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/4506300 |
BJLS | 8.2 (Winter. 1981): 277-280 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/1409728 |
SLR | 33.4 (Apr. 1981): 753-772 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/1228540 |
AJLH | 26.1 (Jan. 1982): 81-83 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/844611 |
MILR | 79.4 (Mar. 1981): 929-946 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/1288324 |
MLWR | 43.4 (Jul. 1980): 467-469 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/1095323 |
YLJ | 90.1 (Nov. 1980): 216-231 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/795862 |
HLR | 93.8 (Jun. 1980): 1858-1868 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/1340627 |
OJLS | 1.2 (Summer. 1981): 265-267 | http://www.jstor.org/stable/764460 |
Citable Link
Published: 2003
Publisher: Oxford University Press
- 9780198255277 (paper)
- 9780198253426 (hardcover)