Iron ore mining project areas in India, 2005-2015
From Introduction
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By drawing on a detailed field research and other sources, this book explains precisely which resistance strategies are able to influence both political and economic outcomes. Kröger expands the focus of traditionally Latin American extractivism research to other contexts such as India and the growing extractivist movement in the Global North. In addition, as the book is a multi-sited political ethnography, it will appeal to sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, geographers, and others using field research among other methods to understand globalization and global political interactions. It is the most comprehensive book on the political economy and ecology of iron ore and steel. This is astonishing, given the fact that iron ore is the second-most important commodity in the world after oil.
From Introduction
Map 1. India’s iron mining areas and projects. The size of the circles on the map represents the approximate extensions of the mining case areas.
From Introduction
Map 2. Major iron mining conflicts in Brazil that are part of the data used in this book. The size of the mining areas is estimated based on my fieldwork between 2005 and 2015.
From Chapter 2
Fig. 1. Different political actors and games through whose interactions the outcomes of investment politics are determined. Corporate, state, government, and resistance agencies of different types can try to influence economic and political outcomes either directly via specific strategies, or indirectly through state-mediated or private politics, or, in some cases, through armed conflicts.
From Chapter 2
Fig. 2. There are different levels of embeddedness a resistance can achieve with governmental or institutional actors. A resistance effort can build its embeddedness in steps to achieve the ultimate goal of influencing outcomes through the production or coproduction of the state.
From Chapter 2
Fig. 3. A theory of physical, social, and symbolic spaces as interrelated and internally distinguished loci for changing power relations and differentiating and positioning of social actors. Resisting extractivism in all these spaces and through all these mechanisms is likely to lead to better outcomes for the resistance.
From Chapter 3
Map 3. Iron ore export logistics from Minas Gerais state to the ports in southeastern Brazil.