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Nuyorican Feminist Performance: From the Café to Hip Hop Theater
Patricia Herrera
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The Nuyorican Poets Café has for the past forty years provided a space for multicultural artistic expression and a platform for the articulation of Puerto Rican and black cultural politics. The Café's performances—poetry, music, hip hop, comedy, and drama—have been studied in detail, but until now, little attention has been paid to the voices of its women artists. Through archival research and interview, Nuyorican Feminist Performance examines the contributions of 1970s and '80s performeras and how they challenged the Café's gender politics. It also looks at recent artists who have built on that foundation with hip hop performances that speak to contemporary audiences. The book spotlights the work of foundational artists such as Sandra María Esteves, Martita Morales, Luz Rodríguez, and Amina Muñoz, before turning to contemporary artists La Bruja, Mariposa, Aya de León, and Nilaja Sun, who infuse their poetry and solo pieces with both Nuyorican and hip hop aesthetics.
Figure 1. Flier from 1975 performance in Central Park. Clockwise from top: Lucky Cienfuegos, Miguel Piñero, and Miguel Algarín. Sandra María Esteves, who also took part in the performance, is missing from the photo. Courtesy Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library.
Figure 2. Program from Poets of the City, including Lucky Cienfuegos, Miguel Piñero, Miguel Algarín, and Sandra María Esteves. Courtesy Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library.
Figure 7. Sandra María Esteves commemorates the life of Martín “Tito” Pérez with her poem “Eulogy for Martín Pérez” and her angel line drawing, Yerba Buena (1980). Courtesy of the poet and artist.
Figure 9. Drawing by Sandra María Esteves, who had filed charges against Eduardo Figueroa and Joseph Papp, the director and producer of the Public Theater. The court trial is here ironically presented as a performance titled The Lawsuit (1979).
Figure 19. Handmade earrings by Sandra María Esteves. Clockwise from top left: “Elegba Portals,” “Elegba Spirals,” “Ochun Egypt,” and “Elegba Dragons.”