Example 6.1. Excerpt from Solomon Linda and the Original Evening Birds, "Mbube" (Singer Bantu Records, G.E. 829, 1939). See Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3HWUN-l1sdQ

Example 6.2. Excerpt from Paul Simon and Ladysmith Black Mambazo, “Homeless,” Graceland (Warner Brothers 9 25447-2, 1986).

Example 6.3. Excerpt from Soul Brothers (David Masondo, Moses Ngwenya, and Zenzele "Zakes" Mchunu) performing the song “Akabongi,” Isicelo (originally Munjale Records MUNG 4000, 1983; re-release on Soul Brothers Records CDSBL 1001, 2005). Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ch2Z_-uOt10

Example 6.4. Excerpt from Paul Simon and Ladysmith Black Mambazo, “Diamonds on the Soles of her Shoes,” Graceland (Warner Brothers 9 25447-2, 1986).

Example 6.5. Second excerpt from Paul Simon and Ladysmith Black Mambazo, “Diamonds on the Soles of her Shoes,” Graceland (Warner Brothers 9 25447-2, 1986).

Fig. 6.1. Paul Simon at the mixing board. Still from Classic Albums: Paul Simon Graceland (DVD, Eagle Rock Entertainment/Isis Productions, 1997).

Example 6.6. “Raga Mishra Kafi” from North India: rudra veena, vichitra veena, sarod, shahnai. Anthology of Traditional Music, UNESCO collection (Auvidis, 1989 [1974]). Used by permission of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings.

Example 6.7. Excerpt from Terry Riley, “Across the Lake of the Ancient World,” Shri Camel (CBS Records, 1988 [1980]). Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BnAwzu8t_1k

Example 6.8. Second excerpt from Terry Riley, “Across the Lake of the Ancient World,” Shri Camel (CBS Records, 1988 [1980]). Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BnAwzu8t_1k

Fig. 6.2. Barbara Benary, Braid, generating pattern. Gamelan Works, vol. 1, The Braid Pieces ([New York]: Gamelan Son of Lion, 1993), 2. The numbers refer to the degrees (step numbers) of the seven-note scale.

Example 6.11. Barbara Benary, “Braid,” performed by Gamelan Son of Lion, The Complete Gamelan in the New World (Folkways FTS 31312, 1982 [1979]). Used by permission of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. See also Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPvJRy1Yanw&list=PLwiBRoSc5aNryUBJoA5R1PovFJnFwbYLe&index=13

Example 6.12. Excerpt from Steve Reich, “Come out,” Reich Remixed (Nonesuch PRCD 8762P, 1999 [1967]). See also Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVXc9Veo_B8

Example 6.15. Asha Srinivasan, Janani, saxophone version, performed by Michael Mizrahi, piano; and Sara Kind, Jesse Dochnahl, Will Obst, and Sumner Truax, saxophones. Recording provided courtesy of the composer.

Example 6.16. B. Balasubrahmanian, “Tambura (N. Indian),” Wesleyan University Virtual Instrument Museum, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZ7OaaNmmWk.

Example 6.17. Henry Cowell, “The Banshee,” Sonya Kumiko Lee (piano), film by Johnny Kwon. Used by permission.

Example 6.18. Excerpt from “Nagaswaram or Nadaswaram,” Nagaswaram performance at Thirugukkungudi in Tamil Nadu. Performers not named. Video posted on Youtube by indiavideo.org, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qy8zxmhLrAo Good faith effort has been made to contact the videographer.